Mapbox Vector Tile (MVT)

Overview

Mapbox Vector Tile (MVT) is a binary format for storing vector map data in a compact and efficient way, allowing for fast rendering and interaction in web mapping applications. Unlike raster tiles, vector tiles contain actual geometry that can be styled client-side.

Key Concepts

Protocol buffers (protobuf) is the binary encoding format. Tile coordinates identify tiles using Z/X/Y scheme. Layers group related features within a tile. Extent defines the coordinate space within a tile (typically 4096). Simplification reduces geometry complexity per zoom level. Overzoom allows rendering at higher zooms than tile data exists.

Advantages over Raster Tiles

AspectVector TilesRaster Tiles
StylingClient-side, dynamicPre-rendered, fixed
ZoomSmooth scalingDiscrete levels
InteractivityFeature accessImage only
SizeSmallerLarger
LabelsRotate with viewFixed orientation

Appendix

Created: 2025-12-13 | Modified: 2025-12-13

See Also