Orthogonal

Overview

Orthogonal refers to a coordinate system or projection where the axes are at right angles (90 degrees) to each other, allowing for accurate representation of spatial relationships in a GIS. Orthogonal coordinates simplify distance and area calculations.

Key Concepts

Right angle is a 90-degree angle between axes. Cartesian coordinates use orthogonal X and Y axes. Orthophoto is an aerial image geometrically corrected to uniform scale. Grid system uses orthogonal rows and columns.

Applications

  • Cartesian coordinate systems
  • Orthophoto production from aerial imagery
  • Regular raster grids
  • Engineering surveys

Appendix

Created: 2025-12-13 | Modified: 2025-12-13

See Also